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View Full Version : Can We Short Penny Stocks Within The U.S.?


Guapo
05-11-2009, 12:36 PM
This question has been discussed in several threads on HSM over the past year or so. Some people have said you can without giving any particulars. Some folks have said you can’t under any circumstances. A few individuals have posted, hinting they’re shorting such-and-such penny stock. They’ve failed to give details how they’re doing it though.

Some HSM~ers have said they were told by Ameritrade they could short penny stocks but $2.50 was needed for each shorted share. Others have stated Ameritrade told them they could not short any stocks under $5.

Then just recently, Sowned69 posted a link on HSM to the Interactive Brokers’ web site on the subject.

(BTW, Thanks to Sowned69. It was his post that led to this article.)

I checked four brokers, Ameritrade, Choicetrade, Etrade and Interactive Brokers. The information in this article was taken from their web sites. I also had several email exchanges with Interactive Brokers. I looked for information from several other brokers but didn’t find anything on their sites.

Etrade and Choicetrade do not allow shorting of any stocks under $5 a share. Ameritrade and Interactive Brokers do but with severe restrictions for most of us.

Let’s discuss Interactive Brokers first. From their web site (in italics below):

http://www.interactivebrokers.com/en...?ib_entity=llc


Short Marginable Positions:
If last sale price/share < $5, then maximum ($2.50 per share, 100% stock value)

What this means is “For stocks trading at less than $5.00/share, the margin requirement is the greater of $2.50/share or 100% of the stock value.”

The phrase Short Marginable Positions and the sentence above in quotation marks above might be confusing because in this case, it’s not really margin. That is, you aren’t borrowing money to short the stock. You’re actually required to have $2.50 in your account for each share you want to short or cash/buying power equal to the total short-sale price of the stock, whichever is greater.

For example, if you want to short 1000 shares of a stock at $3 a share, your account must have $3000 in it, since it’s the great number ($2.50 x 1000 shares = $2500).

How about shorting 1000 shares of a stock at $1 a share? The total cost of the stock is $1000. You have to meet the higher of the two figures, so in this case you need a minimum of $2500.

That doesn’t seem so awful, does it? However, what if you had wanted to short 100,000 shares of LSMJ when it was sitting at .0012 a week or so ago? LSMJ is now at .0003. Ah, seems like you would have made some nice change.

However, to short 100,000 shares of LSMJ you have to have $250,000 in your account ($2.50 x 100,000). If you had shorted 100,000 shares of LSMJ at .0012 and covered at .0003, you would have made $90 (.0012 minus .0003 X 100,000 = 90). You made a profit but it isn’t really a killing.

Ok, let’s short a larger amount of shares, 1 million at .0012. This time your profit would be $900. It’s decent money but you would have needed $2,500,000 in your account.

Let’s say you want to increase your profit to $9000, so you need to short 10,000,000 shares. To do so you must have $25,000,000 in your account. I don’t know about you but if I could afford to put $25 million in my brokerage account, I wouldn’t be fooling around with penny stocks. I’d be cruising around on my 200-foot yacht.

Let’s say you shorted 100,000 shares of a stock at .0050 and covered at .0005. Your profit would have been $450 (.0050 minus .0005 X 100,000). Hmm! $450 is ok but you won’t get rich doing it this way.

If you had shorted ten times as many shares, 1 million, your profit would have been $4500. $4500 is nothing to sneeze at, but you would have needed the $2.5 million in your account again.

Guapo
05-11-2009, 12:36 PM
With the two sub-penny examples, we’ve made some cash but shorting them is obviously not the pot at the end of the rainbow some of us may have thought. Sub-penny stocks can’t fall as far as higher-priced stocks, so let’s try a penny stock trading at $4.

You want to short 100,000 shares of the stock. It drops to .5000 and you cover. Your profit is $350,000. What if it really nosedives and you don’t cover until it drops to .0050? Now your profit is $399,500! Whoa, now we’re talking real money! Unfortunately, to have the opportunity to make these kinds of profits, you would need $400,000 in your account.

What if you had shorted 1 million shares at $4 a share and covered at .5? Your profit would be an astounding $3,500,000! If as before, you had waited and covered at .0050, your profit would be a whopping $3,995,000! You would have needed $4,000,000 in your account this time, however.

”Wow! The rich just keeping richer and we poor folks are stuck down here on the bottom,” you say? Well, on the surface, it appears you can short penny stocks to kingdom-come if you’re rich. As a practical matter, it may not always be that easy, even for the big boys. That’s a topic for another discussion however.

Ameritrade has about the same requirements as Interactive Brokers. Detailed information can be found on page 5 in their Margin Account Handbook. You can download it from this link:

http://www.tdameritrade.com/faq/newaccount.html#Can

Click on Margin Account Handbook under the section, “Can I open a margin or options account?”. The handbook will download automatically (.pdf format).

Besides the monetary requirements, I found three other restrictions.

With Interactive Brokers you can only short penny stocks on their allowable list. I’m not sure if Ameritrade has such a list. I didn’t find one on their site or in their margin account handbook. Here’s the link to Interactive Brokers’ U.S. allowable list:

http://www.interactivebrokers.com/en...entity=llc&ln=

You may not be allowed to short stocks already on the SHO list. Here’s the link to Interactive Brokers followed by a section (in italics) from their web site:

http://www.interactivebrokers.com/en...entity=llc&ln=


Reg-SHO restricted stocks are not permitted for shorting. However, IB may allow Reg-SHO stocks to be shorted when inventory conditions permit. The main shortable list defines the actual availability.

Please see following web page from the NYSE for additional information: http://www.nyse.com/threshold/ regarding Reg SHO and restricted stocks.

Lastly, Ameritrade states in their margin account handbook that the shares you want to short must be borrowable. That is, if Ameritrade doesn’t have the shares to loan you, they must be able to borrow those shares from other brokers (no naked shorts).

Once you short the shares, there is no guarantee you can maintain the short position indefinitely. If Ameritrade borrows the shares and the lender of those shares later requests Ameritrade return them, you have to relinquish your shares by covering your open short position. That means in short positions, it’s possible other people can determine when you trade. That’s never good.

I imagine other brokers allowing short sales of pennies will have more or less the same requirements as Interactive Brokers and Ameritrade.

So while it’s possible to short penny stocks with Interactive Brokers and Ameritrade, small traders are prevented from doing so. How many HSM~ers have $250,000 in their accounts, much less $2.5-$4 million?

Shorting the pennies is reserved for the rich, hedge funds and perhaps other institutional investors that have tons of money. The catch is, as an individual, once you become rich enough where you can short penny stocks, you no longer need to.

Good luck to everyone in your trading.

JohnMathew
10-08-2010, 07:09 AM
If you are a first time investor penny stocks can be fascinating as well as dangerous. It only takes a few hours for these types of stocks to shoot up 100% and as the investors watch, their investments can all of a sudden spiral down the drain.When it comes to investing in stocks of any sort, it pays to learn which penny stocks to watch. Perhaps a little advice in stock trading will help you to avoid some risks and learn how to watch for good investment periods.